Unraveling Dual Aggregation-Induced Emission Behavior in Steric-Hindrance Photochromic System for Super Resolution Imaging

Unprecedented dual aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior based on a steric-hindrance photochromic system is presented, with incorporation one or two bulky aryl groups, resulting in different flexibleness. The dual AIE behavior of open and closed isomers can be explained by restriction of intramolecular rotation (RIR), restriction of intramolecular vibration (RIV), and intermolecular stacking. The large bulky benzothiophene causes restricted rotation, enhancing the emission of open form in solution and weak π–π molecular packing, thereby efficiently enhancing the luminescence performance in the solid state. With incorporation of two large bulky benzothiophene groups, BBTE possesses the most outstanding AIE activity, undergoing highly efficient and reversible off-to-on fluorescence in film upon alternating UV and visible light irradiation along with excellent fatigue resistance. The off-to-on fluorescent photoswitch is successfully established in super resolution imaging.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定盐酸二甲双胍及其制剂中痕量N -亚硝基二甲胺

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱（HPLC-MS/MS）检测盐酸二甲双胍原料和制剂中N -亚硝基二甲胺（NDMA）含量的方法。样品以水为提取溶剂,经涡旋混匀、恒温振荡、高速离心、微孔过滤后进行HPLC-MS/MS分析。采用ACE EXCEL 3 C18-AR色谱柱（150 mm×4.6 mm,3 μm）分离,流动相为均含0.1%甲酸的水和甲醇溶液,梯度洗脱,流速0.8 mL/min,柱温40℃,自动进样器温度10℃。采用阀切换技术保护质谱仪,设置六通阀切换使保留时间2.85~7.00 min的流动相进入质谱,其余时间流动相进入废液。质谱部分采用大气压化学电离（APCI）源,在正离子、MRM模式下扫描,雾化器流量为3 L/min,加热器流量为10 L/min,接口温度为300℃,脱溶剂管温度为250℃,加热块温度为400℃,干燥器流量为10 L/min。NDMA定量离子对为m /z 75.0→43.1,碰撞能量（CE）为-17.0 eV,定性离子对为m /z 75.0→58.2,CE为-16.0 eV。采用外标法定量。对方法进行了详细的方法学验证,结果表明,该法专属性良好,溶剂和辅料对NDMA测定无干扰。NDMA峰面积与其质量浓度在1.00~100.00 ng/mL范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数（r ）>0.9999;低、中、高3个水平下NDMA的回收率为94.55%~114.67%,RSD为4.73%~13.46%;检出限和定量限分别为0.20 ng/mL和1.00 ng/mL;NDMA在自动进样器放置0、8、24 h的峰面积RSD为2.08%。使用该方法对113批盐酸二甲双胍原料和制剂供试品中的NDMA进行测定,发现原料药中NDMA检出量不超限,但有8批二甲双胍制剂超过了限度。该法灵敏、准确,操作简便,可用于盐酸二甲双胍原料及制剂中的NDMA检测。     

Sequential Ir‐Catalyzed Allylation/2‐aza‐Cope Rearrangement Strategy for the Construction of Chiral Homoallylic Amines†

Sequential Ir‐catalyzed asymmetric allylation/2‐aza‐Cope rearrangement of arylidene aminomalonates with allylic carbonates was successfully developed, and a variety of enantioenriched homoallylic amine derivatives were obtained in high yields with good chirality transfer and excellent E/Z‐geometry control (up to 99% yield, 96% ee). Compared with previous dual catalytic system established for this transformation, the current mono metal catalytic system provides a simpler and more practical protocol employing the readily available starting materials.     

Effect of mixing structure on the hygroscopic behavior of ultrafine ammonium sulfate particles mixed with succinic acid and levoglucosan

Understanding the interactions between water and atmospheric aerosols is critical for estimating their impact on the radiation budget and cloud formation. The hygroscopic behavior of ultrafine(100 nm)ammonium sulfate particles internally mixed with either succinic acid〔slightly soluble) or levoglucosan(soluble) in different mixing structures(core-shell vs. well-mixed) were measured using a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer(HTDMA). During the hydration process(6-92% relative humidity(RH)), the size of core-shell particles(ammonium sulfate and succinic acid) remained unchanged until a s|ow increase in particle size occurred at 79% RH; however, an abrupt increase in size(i.e., a clear deliquescence) was observed at ~72% RH for well-mixed particles with a similar volume fraction to the core-shell particles(80:20 by volume). This increase might occur because the shell hindered the complete dissolution of the core-shell particles below 92% RH. The onset RH value was lower for the ammonium sulfate/levoglucosan core-shell particles than the ammonium sulfate/succinic acid core-shell particles due to levoglucosan's higher solubility relative to succinic acid. The growth factor(GF) of the core-shell particles was lower than that of the well-mixed particles, while the GF of the ammonium sulfate/levoglucosan particles was higher than that of ammonium sulfate/succinic acid particles with the same volume fractions. As the volume fraction of the organic species increased, the GF decreased. The data suggest that the mixing structure is also important when determining hygroscopic behavior of the mixed particles.     

High bandwidth surface-illuminated InGaAs/InP uni-travelling-carrier photodetector

Uni-traveling-carrier photodiodes(UTC-PDs)with ultrafast response and high saturation output are reported.A gradient doping layer and a narrow InP cliff layer were introduced to enhance the saturation and bandwidth characteristics.We measured the dark current,photo response,bandwidth,and saturation current of the fabricated UTC devices.For a15-μm-diameter device,the dark current was 3.5 nA at a reverse bias of 1 V,and the 3-dB bandwidth was 17.2 GHz at a reverse bias of 5 V,which are comparable to the theoretically values.The maximum responsivity at 1.55μm was 0.32 A/W.The saturation output current was over 19.0 mA without bias.     

Modification of the large-scale features of high Reynolds number wall turbulence by passive surface obtrusions

A high Reynolds number boundary-layer wind-tunnel facility at New Mexico State University was fitted with a regularly distributed braille surface. The surface was such that braille dots were closely packed in the streamwise direction and sparsely spaced in the spanwise direction. This novel surface had an unexpected influence on the flow: the energy of the very large-scale features of wall turbulence (approximately six-times the boundary-layer thickness in length) became significantly attenuated, even into the logarithmic region. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first experimental study to report a modification of ‘superstructures’ in a rough-wall turbulent boundary layer. The result gives rise to the possibility that flow control through very small, passive surface roughness may be possible at high Reynolds numbers, without the prohibitive drag penalty anticipated heretofore. Evidence was also found for the uninhibited existence of the near-wall cycle, well known to smooth-wall-turbulence researchers, in the spanwise space between roughness elements.     

装药不耦合系数对碳酸盐岩爆炸地震波能量的影响

针对碳酸盐岩中化学爆炸地震勘探激发地震波能量弱、频率高、信噪比低的现状,为对炮孔装药结构提出合理的改进措施,建立了耦合与不耦合装药孔壁爆炸载荷及透射波能量的计算模型,并借助MATLAB编程计算得到解析解.同时在灰岩场地进行了装药不耦合系数Kd对地震波能量影响的现场实验,应用基于功率谱的能量分析方法对实验数据进行了分析....     

区域地磁测量实验及水下载体对周围磁场的影响分析

水下载体和磁力仪的匹配是水下地磁导航的关键技术之一.为了完成匹配实验,首先要选择地磁场平缓的局部区域,基于这一目的进行了局域地磁场的测量,并通过克里金插值法构建地磁图,给出基于克里金插值的局部二维和三维地磁图.从地磁图上可以找到磁异常区域和地磁平缓区域,并在地磁平缓区域进行有无水下载体的地磁空间测量.由于载体主要由铁磁物质组成,安装在载体上的传感器所测量的磁场除了地磁场以外,还有载体硬磁材料产生的固有磁场以及载体内机电设备产生的磁场.因此,如何从复杂的磁场环境中提取地磁场信息是实时测量的一大难题.基于载体的空间磁测,利用传感器测量值构建载体磁场的数学模型,分析了水下载体对周围磁场的影响,为水下载体与磁力仪的匹配和水下磁测提供了理论和实验依据.     

Aminothiocarbamate-catalyzed asymmetric bromolactonization of 1,2-disubstituted olefinic acids

An efficient and enantioselective bromolactonization of 1,2-disubstituted olefinic acids using an amino-thiocarbamate catalyst has been developed, resulting in the formation of δ-lactones containing two chiral centers with up to 99% yield, 95% ee.     

N-bromosuccinimide initiated one-pot synthesis of imidazoline

A novel cationic Br initiated one-pot imidazoline synthesis has been developed using olefin, nitrile, amine, and N-bromosuccinimide. The olefinic substrates and the nitrile partners can be flexibly varied to achieve a range of imidazoline derivatives.